Mailing Address:
P.O. BOX: 79023, Garth Postal Outlet,
Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L9C 7N6

Business Address:
140 Golden Orchard Drive,
Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L9C 6J6

Environmental Research & Publications Inc is pleased to advertise the following books and software.

ISBN 978-0-9696383-6-0 ; Year 2010; 331pp; 8x11; 45 Figures; 137 Tables; 365 Equations.
Price in Canada and USA US$ 245.00/ outside US$ 265.00. Taxes and postage by air mail are included.

This book deals with the abinitio derivation of advection diffusion equation (ADE) solutions by Fourier transform and applications of the solutions in the computation of biological diffusion coefficient (Dbi) and mixing depth (Lmi) in lake and sea sediment cores. A new model named as ADE-PEAK model is developed. The results of the ADE-PEAK model are compared with the ADE-STAT model due to Guinasso and Schink (1975) J. Geophys. Res. 80,21,3032-3043 and ADE-APPROXIMATE model due to Officer and Lynch (1983) Marine Geology,52,59-74. The theoretical reason and computation results prove that the ADE-STAT model is inapplicable. It is also proven that ADE-APPROXIMATE model underestimates Lmi and overestimates Dbi.

Click Here To Order

FEATURES:

It is demonstrated that ADE-PEAK model predicts the most accurate values of Dbi and Lmi. This book also solves the convergence problem in Fourier solutions as first encountered by Brenner (1962) Chem. Engng. Sci.17, 229-243. This book also solves an other type of the convergence problem in the application of Fourier solutions, known as Gibbs Phenomenon which occurs at the extremities of the finite length within which the solutions are applicable.

Table of Contents:

MORE ABOUT THE NEW BOOK:

In Appendix-A, advection diffusion equation (ADE) with decay constant λi is solved by Fourier transform under various initial and boundary conditions. The methodology is based on the standard text books on heat conduction in solids. Scientists, engineers and researchers with the background in physical chemistry, physics and mathematics can very easily understand the steps involved in the derivation of the ADE solutions. Chapters 2, 3 and 4 are devoted to in depth understanding of the profiles of the various ADE solutions by taking fixed values of diffusion coefficient,Di,  and advection velocity, Vi,  as 0.182 cm²yr^-1 and 0.182 cm.yr^-1, respectively. The exactly same values of Di and Vi were earlier used by Cleary and Adrian (1973) Soil Sci.Soc. Amer. Proc. 37, 197-199. The purpose of using the same Di and Vi values is to authenticate their results as well as the results reported in this book.  In chapter 2, λi = 0.0311386 yr^-1 is used as required for the ²¹⁰Pb profile, but in chapters 3 and 4,  λi = 0.0229747 yr^-1 is used as required for ¹³⁷Cs profile. In chapter 2, convergence problem in Fourier solution as related to the Péclet number, (P = Vi L/Di), is solved by defining a suitable length of a column, Lsp, which is named as Fourier-Shukla length.  By applying the principle of material balance, and by using the ADE solutions obtained by Laplace transform, it is proven that ADE solutions obtained by Fourier transform can be applied to any P provided Fourier-Shukla length is satisfied.  Lsp is a function of Di, Vi, and travel time t.  The convergence problem referred to as Gibbs Phenomenon is addressed with the help of Break Through Curve (BTC).The back calculation of Di and Vi by graphical method from the ADE pulse solution profile, proves that the calculated Di and Vi are time dependent and Di and Vi are not equal to 0.182 which is the input value to produce the profile.  In chapter 4, back calculation of Di and Vi by statistical moments (σ, μ, S), proves that statistical method under predicts Di and over predicts Vi and the values of Di and Vi are not constants but depend on travel time.  In chapter 5, results obtained by ADE-STAT, ADE-APPROXIMATE and ADE-PEAK models are compared and relative merits and demerits are explained.  ADE-PEAK model is based on the matching of peak position and peak concentration of the  field profile with the theoretical profile. ADE-PEAK model quantifies peak velocity and distinguishes between advection velocity, Vi, and peak velocity, Vp.  In chapter 6, ADE-PEAK model is applied to determine Dbi and Lmi based on ^239+240Pu and ¹³⁷Cs profiles.  In chapter 6, the model due to Goldberg and Koide (1962) Geochim. et Cosmochim. Acta 26,417-450, is also applied to ²¹⁰Pb profile to determine Dbi and Lmi.

INTENDED BOOK USERS ARE: scientists, engineers and researchers in the university/research institute, affiliated with the department of geology, hydrology, limnology, civil engineering, environment, marine geology, oceanography, agriculture, nuclear waste, soil physics and mathematics.

The above book describes the behaviour of pollutants in watershed, surface waters and bottom sediments of lakes and rivers. In the watershed, the removal of pollutant by runoff, soil erosion and infiltration has been discerned, formulated and exemplified. In the lake and river waters, the removal constants by sedimentation, outflow, food-chain, and biota have been discerned, formulated and exemplified. In the bottom sediments, the removal constants and residence times by diffusion and advection have been discerned, formulated and exemplified. Since this book describes the pollutant behaviour in three distinct but connected boxes, viz., the watershed, the river and lake waters, and the bottom sediments of the river and lake; the models are collectively named as 3-BOX model. The concept of branching decay constants has been invoked to define various removal constants and residence times.

This book applies the mathematics of diffusion - advection coupled with the first order rate constant and the general mass balance equations to the fallout and the natural radionuclides present in air, water and soil to predict their transport and accumulation in watershed soil, sediments, waters and biota. This is the first book that concurrently quantifies the removal of pollutants both by runoff and infiltration from watershed soil. The models developed in this book assume an effective surface soil depth in which pollutants are homogeneously distributed as introduced in the publication, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 105(1991) 314-318, co-authored by Dr. B. S. Shukla. The importance of the book can be seen from the comments that appeared in the Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 58:991(1994), 58:1848(1994).

FEATURES

(1) The 3-BOX model has been successfully applied to: (a) alpine Rhône watershed of Switzerland (b) five largest rivers of Finland (c) the Great Miami River of USA and (d) the chain of the Great Lakes. (2) The radionuclides that have been employed in the modeling are: ⁷Be, ²¹⁰Pb, ⁹⁰Sr, ¹³⁷Cs, and ^239+240Pu.

RELEVANCE OF THE ABOVE BOOK TO NUCLEAR WASTE DISPOSAL

The waste form in the geological formation may come in contact with the infiltrating water and release ^239+240Pu, ¹³⁷Cs and ⁹⁰Sr by leaching processes. The leachate containing ^239+240Pu, ¹³⁷Cs and ⁹⁰Sr will eventually migrate through aquifer and pollute the charging surface waters. The radioactive contaminants in the surface waters will end up in the food chain through drinking water and fish harvesting. The possibility of food chain contamination by these radionuclides has prompted the development of food chain models and the extensive study on the leaching of these radionuclides from the waste forms.

This book deals with the leaching and migration of ^239+240Pu, ¹³⁷Cs and ⁹⁰Sr that have been deposited on the soil as a result of atmospheric nuclear weapon testing which peaked during 1963-1964. Significant quantities of weapon produced radionuclides have been falling on the soil and surface waters since 1954 till now. The rain water removes the atmospherically deposited ^239+240Pu, ¹³⁷Cs and ⁹⁰Sr to surface waters by runoff and to ground waters by infiltration. This book describes the mathematical models and the results of the calculation pertaining to the removal of the atmospherically deposited ^239+240Pu, ¹³⁷Cs and ⁹⁰Sr from seven watershed soils by rainwater via infiltration and runoff. The book also describes the partitioning of these radionuclides among biota, waters, sediments which in turn will be useful in evaluating the radiation doses to the general public through fish and water consumption. This is the first book that employs the naturally produced ²¹⁰Pb and ⁷Be to estimate the soil erosion and other environmental parameters. The book is expected to be useful for the engineers, scientists, managers, and educators working in the field of nuclear waste management, health physics and soil physics, for years to come.

INTENDED BOOK USERS ARE: scientists, engineers and researchers in the university/ research institute affiliated with the departments of nuclear waste, hydrology, civil engineering, environment, agriculture, pesticides, the Great Lakes and limnology.

This is a multidisciplinary book. The book applies the mathematics of diffusion -advection coupled with the first order rate constant and the general mass balance equations to predict the transport of pesticides from watershed by volatilization, infiltration and runoff. The models developed in this book can be easily extended to the radioactive pollutants. This is the first book that concurrently quantifies the removal of pollutants by volatilization, infiltration and runoff from the watershed soil. The models developed in this book assume an effective surface soil depth in which pollutants are homogeneously distributed as introduced in the publication, Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 105(1991) 314-318, co-authored by Dr. B. S. Shukla and in the book "Watershed, River and Lake Modeling through Environmental Radioactivity, ISBN 0-9696383-0-2, 1993" by Dr. B.S.Shukla. Both the books are complementary to each other and give complete insight into the mathematical modeling of the transport processes that govern the movement of pollutants in natural and laboratory setups.

FEATURES

Breakthrough curves, concentration profiles in soil columns, volatilization of low and high K_H pesticides, runoff and slug movements. 61 Pesticides have been arranged in the ascending order of their K_oc/t_1/2 ratio and have been evaluated by various screening models.

CONTENTS:

(ix) Appendix-D: Computation of the error function and other associated functions.

Pesticides have been playing the vital role in the augmentation of agri-food production. There is need to produce more agri-food to cope up with the growing world population. Pesticides will remain an essential part of the modern agriculture and, therefore, their transport from agricultural fields to surface waters, groundwater and air has to be monitored and fully understood. The research into the transport of pesticide by volatilization, infiltration and runoff is in evolutionary state. Both the theoretical and experimental works are not yet well organized as in the other fields of science. This book aims at providing the sound theoretical background for the subject which in turn is required to conduct future laboratory and field studies on the pesticide transport in the environment. The important results described in the book are as follows.

INTENDED BOOK USERS ARE: scientists, engineers, and researchers in the university/research institute, affiliated with the departments of pesticides, hydrology, civil engineering, environment, agriculture, nuclear waste, soil physics and mathematics.

(1)Calculates (a) ²¹⁰Pb dates, relative uncertainty in dates and variable sedimentation rates and all other parameters based on the 5 models (b) diffusion coefficient by ADE and PV models (2) Results are immediately displayed on the screen and stored on a diskette to get hard copy (3) Examples to prepare data file, to run the programs and to interpret the results. (4) Suitable for both research and routine uses.